Nestled high in the majestic Andes Mountains, Cusco is a city that feels like a portal through time. Walking its cobblestone streets, you’re greeted by the echoes of an ancient empire while surrounded by vibrant modern-day life. Once the capital of the mighty Inca Empire, Cusco remains a treasure trove of history with awe-inspiring archaeological sites, such as the legendary Machu Picchu, just a stone’s throw away. Yet, this city isn’t just for history buffs. It's a living, breathing hub, where bustling markets overflow with colorful textiles, delectable local cuisine tempts your taste buds, and a rich tapestry of festivals brings the streets alive. Whether you’re here to uncover ancient secrets, indulge in world-class dining, or simply marvel at its stunning landscapes, Cusco offers a little something for everyone.

A Living Legend of Ancient History

The Heart of the Inca Empire

For most of us, the name “Cusco” instantly brings to mind the Incas, and for good reason. Centuries ago, Cusco was the capital of this vast empire, which stretched from modern-day Colombia to Chile. The Incas believed it was the “bellybutton of the world,” a sacred center that held their civilization together. Even today, you can stroll the cobblestone streets and see reminders of their technical and architectural brilliance.

One standout is Sacsayhuamán, an incredible fortress built with massive stones so precisely cut and placed that no mortar was needed. Walking through this ancient site is like stepping back in time. Then there’s the Qorikancha, once the most important Inca temple dedicated to the sun. While much of it was destroyed during the Spanish conquest, parts still survive, blending hauntingly with the colonial church and convent that the Spaniards built on top of its foundation. This mix of ancient and colonial architecture is a theme you’ll see throughout Cusco.

Getaway to Machu Picchu

Cusco is practically synonymous with Machu Picchu. To visit the legendary “Lost City of the Incas,” you’ll likely pass through Cusco first. From here, travelers have a few options to reach the ancient citadel. Adventurous souls can hike the classic Inca Trail, a multi-day trek through stunning Andean landscapes, complete with mysterious ruins and jaw-dropping views. For those who prefer a more relaxed route, the train to Aguas Calientes, the town nearest to Machu Picchu, offers a scenic and comfortable trip. No matter how you go, Cusco serves as the perfect base to prepare for one of the most unforgettable experiences of your life.

Modern Cusco: A Vibrant City Full of Life

While Cusco’s past is undeniably compelling, its present is equally fascinating. The city is a hub of activity where locals and travelers coexist, and the blend of ancient traditions with modern trends creates a truly one-of-a-kind atmosphere.

Food That Tells a Story

Cusco’s food scene is a direct reflection of its rich cultural tapestry. Traditional Andean ingredients like potatoes, quinoa, corn, and alpaca take center stage in many dishes, while the influence of Spanish colonization brings flavors like garlic and citrus into the mix. Don’t leave without trying lomo saltado, a savory stir-fry of beef, vegetables, and soy sauce, or cuy al horno, roasted guinea pig, which might sound unusual but has been a regional staple for centuries.

For those craving modern fare, Cusco has no shortage of trendy cafes and international restaurants. You’ll find everything from vegan twists on Peruvian classics to cozy spots serving up locally sourced coffee.

Markets that Buzz with Energy

A visit to one of Cusco’s markets is a must. The San Pedro Market, just a short walk from the city center, is a feast for the senses. Browse rows of fresh produce, handmade textiles, and traditional handicrafts. Whether you’re hunting for souvenirs, tasting exotic fruits, or simply soaking in the atmosphere, the markets are a window into daily life in Cusco.

Festivals That Light Up the Streets

If you time your visit right, you might catch one of Cusco’s many festivals. The most famous is Inti Raymi, the Festival of the Sun, celebrated every June. This vibrant event honors the winter solstice and includes colorful parades, music, and reenactments of ancient rituals. It’s a spectacular way to witness how Cusco’s traditions are kept alive.

Practical Tips for Exploring Cusco

How to Prepare for the Altitude

One thing you’ll likely notice right away is the altitude. At 11,152 feet above sea level, Cusco is high enough to leave some visitors feeling dizzy or short of breath. To combat altitude sickness, take it slow on your first day, drink plenty of water, and try some mate de coca, a traditional tea made from coca leaves.

Best Time to Visit

Cusco’s weather is broken into two main seasons. The dry season (May to October) is the most popular time to visit, thanks to clear skies that make for perfect hiking and sightseeing conditions. The rainy season (November to April) has its own charm, with lush green landscapes, but be prepared for sudden downpours.

Where to Stay

From luxurious boutique hotels to budget-friendly hostels, Cusco has accommodations for every type of traveler. Many places blend modern comforts with traditional elements, so even your lodging becomes part of the cultural experience. Staying near the Plaza de Armas, the city’s central square, allows you to be within walking distance of major attractions.

Cusco is more than just a quick stop on the way to Machu Picchu because it’s a destination in its own right. It’s a place where you can marvel at ancient ruins in the morning, shop for alpaca sweaters at a bustling market in the afternoon, and enjoy some of the freshest Peruvian cuisine in the evening. The city’s unique blend of old and new, adventure and comfort, history and culture, makes it an unforgettable place to visit. If you’re dreaming of a trip where every day feels like a discovery, Cusco is calling your name.